To the branch of physics that deals with atomic and subatomic systems That waves have discrete energy packets (called quanta) that behave in a manner similar to particles led Physical quantities, such as the energy of an atom at rest. Mechanics, it refers to a discrete unit that quantum theory assigns to certain The effects of quantum mechanics are typically not observable on macroscopic scales, but become evident at the atomicĬame from the Latin word which means "what quantity". Quantum theoryĭescriptions for many previously unexplained phenomena such Quantum mechanics is a fundamental branch of physics with wide applications. Mechanics is the study of mechanical systems whoseĭimensions are close to or below the atomic scale, such as molecules, atoms,Įlectrons, protons and other subatomic particles. Thousand times greater than for the outer electrons, the The inner electrons, those closer to the nucleus, areĪnother particle, an inner electron may be excited.Įlectron returns to the inner orbit, the excess energy TheĬontains only lines associated with transitions Most of the atoms are in the ground state. This is called the absorption spectrum of the Shows gaps corresponding to the absorption ofĪtoms. Passed through a group of atoms of a given species, Light at other frequencies is not absorbed. To one of its higher allowed energy states.Īt the specific transition frequencies, given byĮquation 1. Must be such that each photon has just the right Can also be excited to a higher level by light at a
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